To ensure you are dealing with a reputable breeder rather than a scammer, follow these non-negotiable steps:

: Scammers often use stolen photos. A legitimate breeder will be happy to show you the puppy and its mother in real-time via video chat if you cannot visit in person.

: Never use wire transfers, gift cards, or apps like Venmo/CashApp for initial payments. Use a credit card or PayPal Goods & Services which may offer buyer protection. Identifying Red Flags If you encounter any of these signs, walk away immediately:

: Use tools like Google Images to search for the puppy's photo. If the same image appears on multiple unrelated sites or Craigslist localities, it is likely a scam.

: A responsible breeder will provide written health certificates, vaccination records, and proof of genetic screenings for the parents (e.g., OFA or CERF certifications).