Choosing metals or polymers that won't corrode when touching aggressive chemicals. 3. Economic Evaluation
Cooling water, steam, and power systems that support the main process. 2. Core Technical Principles
A design is only successful if it’s viable. Engineers use:
The daily cost (raw materials, electricity, wages).
The fundamental laws. Everything that goes in must come out or be accounted for.
The heart of the process. Choosing the right temperature, pressure, and catalyst dictates everything else.
Calculating the "Net Present Value" to see how long it takes for the plant to pay for itself. 4. Safety and Sustainability (The Modern Standard)