: The center of human cognition and emotion. Cultivation requires aligning the mind-heart with the principle of "Humaneness" ( Ren ).
: Selfhood begins with the physical person. The body is not a prison for the soul but a sacred vessel that must be disciplined and respected through ritual ( li ). Confucian Thought: Selfhood as Creative Transfo...
Tu Weiming argues that this Confucian model offers a vital alternative to modern "instrumental rationality" and extreme individualism. It proposes that true freedom is found not in independence from others, but in the that allows for both personal growth and social harmony. : The center of human cognition and emotion
: The ultimate stage where the individual's moral character resonates with the "Way" ( Dao ) of the cosmos, achieving a religious dimension of existence without needing an external deity. Significance in Modernity The body is not a prison for the