The 20th century was an era of unprecedented transformation, defined by a "radical transformation of social attitudes," global decolonization, and the emergence of modernism. Often described through Eric Hobsbawm's lens as the " Age of Extremes ," it balanced massive technological leaps with devastating global conflicts.
: Mass movements for equality, including women's suffrage and the civil rights movement , marked significant milestones in human rights and personal identity.
: The century was dominated by World War I, World War II, and the Cold War, which fundamentally reshaped the world's political and social structures.